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\u6309\u4e00\u4e0b\u9019\u88e1<\/a><\/strong>\u95b1\u8b80\u6ce2\u65c1\u738b\u5ba4\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6b77\u53f2<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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B\u014d p\u00e1ng w\u00e1ngsh\u00ec c\u00f3ng 1734 ni\u00e1n d\u00e0o 1816 ni\u00e1n t\u01d2ngzh\u00ec n\u00e0b\u00f9l\u00e8s\u012b h\u00e9 x\u012bx\u012bl\u01d0 li\u01ceng g\u00e8 w\u00e1nggu\u00f3, r\u00e1nh\u00f2u t\u01d2ngzh\u00eczhe b\u00e8i ch\u0113ng w\u00e8i li\u01ceng x\u012bx\u012bl\u01d0 de li\u01ceng g\u00e8 li\u00e1nh\u00e9 w\u00e1nggu\u00f3, zh\u00edd\u00e0o 1860 ni\u00e1n. Y\u012bnc\u01d0, z\u00e0i c\u00f3ng xi\u00e0nd\u00e0i d\u00e0o d\u0101ngd\u00e0i de w\u00e9imi\u00e0o gu\u00f2d\u00f9 sh\u00edq\u00ed, \u014duzh\u014du zu\u00ec g\u01d4l\u01ceo, zu\u00ec zh\u00f2ngy\u00e0o de w\u00e1ng zh\u0101o zh\u012b y\u012b t\u01d2ngzh\u00eczhe y\u00ecd\u00e0 l\u00ec t\u01d2ngy\u012b qi\u00e1n mi\u00e0nj\u012b zu\u00ecd\u00e0, r\u00e9nk\u01d2u zu\u00ecdu\u014d d\u00ec d\u00ecq\u016b, d\u0101ngsh\u00ed g\u0101i gu\u00f3 m\u00e0i ch\u016ble g\u014dngy\u00e8hu\u00e0 de d\u00ec y\u012b b\u00f9, z\u00e0i j\u012bngl\u00ecle j\u01d0 g\u00e8 sh\u00ecj\u00ec de w\u00e0igu\u00f3 t\u01d2ngzh\u00ec h\u00f2u, ji\u0101ng zh\u01d4qu\u00e1n gu\u012bhu\u00e1n g\u011bile n\u00e0b\u00f9l\u00e8s\u012b.<\/p>

Xi\u00e0 \u011br t\u01d2ngzh\u00ec sh\u00edq\u00ed,1734 ni\u00e1n zh\u00ec 1759 ni\u00e1n
b\u014d p\u00e1ng de xi\u00e0 \u011br sh\u00ec x\u012bb\u0101ny\u00e1 f\u00e9i l\u00ec w\u01d4 sh\u00ec h\u00e9 y\u012bl\u00ecsh\u0101b\u00e1i\u00b7f\u01ce \u011br n\u00e8i s\u0101i de \u00e9rzi, zu\u00ecch\u016b d\u01cesu\u00e0n j\u00ecch\u00e9ng t\u0101 m\u01d4q\u012bn de ch\u016bsh\u0113ng d\u00ec p\u00e0’\u011brm\u01ce h\u00e9 p\u00ed y\u00e0 q\u00edn ch\u00e1 g\u014dnggu\u00f3, y\u01d0j\u00ed y\u00f3u j\u00ed’\u0101n\u00b7ji\u0101 s\u012b tu\u014d n\u00e8i\u00b7d\u00e9\u00b7m\u011bi d\u00ec q\u00ed t\u01d2ngzh\u00ec de tu\u014d s\u012b k\u01ce n\u00e0 d\u00e0g\u014dnggu\u00f3, h\u00f2uzh\u011b m\u00e9iy\u01d2u zh\u00edji\u0113 j\u00ecch\u00e9ngqu\u00e1n.
1731 Ni\u00e1n, zh\u00e8 w\u00e8i 19<\/p>

Su\u00ec de b\u014d p\u00e1ng w\u00e1ngz\u01d0 y\u01d4 ni\u00e1nm\u00e0i de d\u00e0g\u014dng hu\u00ecmi\u00e0n, zh\u00e8c\u00ec hu\u00ec mi\u00e0n du\u00ec zh\u00e8 w\u00e8i w\u00e8il\u00e1i de gu\u00f3w\u00e1ng h\u011bn y\u01d2u q\u01d0f\u0101 x\u00ecng. S\u0101n ni\u00e1n h\u00f2u, zh\u00e8 w\u00e8i gu\u00f3w\u00e1ng l\u01d0ngd\u01ceo f\u00e0 x\u012b j\u016bndu\u00ec zu\u00f2zh\u00e0n, q\u016bzh\u00fa \u00e0od\u00ecl\u00ec j\u016bndu\u00ec zh\u0113ngf\u00fa n\u00e0b\u00f9l\u00e8s\u012b h\u00e9 x\u012bx\u012bl\u01d0 w\u00e1nggu\u00f3. C\u00f3ng n\u00e0 sh\u00ed q\u01d0, xi\u00e0 \u011br gu\u00f3w\u00e1ng ju\u00e9d\u00ecng b\u00f9 z\u00e0i b\u00e8iq\u00ec sh\u01d4y\u00fa t\u0101 de sh\u00edd\u00e0i, b\u00ecng ji\u0101ng t\u0101 sh\u00f2um\u00ecng t\u01d2ngzh\u00ec de li\u01ceng g\u00e8 x\u012bn w\u00e1nggu\u00f3 de su\u01d2y\u01d2u sh\u0113ngl\u00ecj\u016bn j\u00f9j\u00ed z\u00e0i t\u0101 de w\u00e1ngw\u00e8i zh\u014duw\u00e9i. Gu\u00f3w\u00e1ng k\u0101ish\u01d0le x\u01d4du\u014d g\u014dngg\u00f2ng g\u014dngch\u00e9ng, sh\u00ect\u00fa g\u01ceish\u00e0n ji\u0101ot\u014dng x\u00ect\u01d2ng, z\u00e0i k\u01ce b\u014d d\u00ed m\u00e9ngt\u00e8 ji\u00e0nl\u00ecle zh\u00f9m\u00edng de c\u00edq\u00ec g\u014dngch\u01ceng, zh\u012bch\u00ed p\u00e1ng b\u00e8i g\u01d4ch\u00e9ng de sh\u01d2uc\u00ec k\u01ceog\u01d4 f\u0101ju\u00e9 y\u01d0j\u00ed n\u00e0b\u00f9l\u00e8s\u012b sh\u00e8ng k\u01ce lu\u00f2 g\u0113j\u00f9 yu\u00e0n de ji\u00e0nsh\u00e8. T\u0101 h\u00e1i w\u011bitu\u014d l\u00f9y\u00ec j\u00ed\u00b7w\u00e0n w\u00e9i t\u00e0il\u00ec z\u00e0i k\u01ce s\u0101i t\u01ce ji\u00e0nz\u00e0o y\u012bzu\u00f2 h\u00e1ohu\u00e1 g\u014dngdi\u00e0n, y\u01d4 f\u00e1n’\u011brs\u00e0i g\u014dng p\u00ecm\u011bi. Xi\u00e0 \u011br du\u00ec w\u00e0iji\u0101o zh\u00e8ngc\u00e8 de j\u01d0nsh\u00e8n t\u00e0id\u00f9,B\u0101ngzh\u00f9 t\u0101 z\u00e0i \u00e0od\u00ecl\u00ec w\u00e1ngw\u00e8i j\u00ecch\u00e9ng zh\u00e0nzh\u0113ng h\u00e9 q\u012b ni\u00e1n zh\u00e0nzh\u0113ng q\u00edji\u0101n b\u01ceozh\u00f9le w\u00e1ngw\u00e8i, z\u00e0i ji\u0101 sh\u00e0ng y\u01d4 q\u00edt\u0101 b\u014d p\u00e1ng w\u00e1ng zh\u0101o y\u012bzh\u00ec sh\u00edsh\u012b de sh\u00ecs\u00fa hu\u00e0 zh\u00e8ngc\u00e8, sh\u00ec k\u0101im\u00edng zhu\u0101nzh\u00ec zh\u01d4y\u00ec de y\u012bg\u00e8 h\u011bn h\u01ceo de l\u00eczi, bi\u0101ozh\u00eczhe y\u00ecd\u00e0 l\u00ec n\u00e1nb\u00f9 w\u00fay\u00ed q\u01d4d\u00e9le j\u00ecnb\u00f9.
Z\u00e0i t\u0101 d\u00ed g\u0113g\u0113 x\u012bb\u0101ny\u00e1 gu\u00f3w\u00e1ng f\u00e8id\u00edn\u00e1nd\u00e9 li\u00f9 sh\u00ec q\u00f9sh\u00ec h\u00f2u, m\u00e9iy\u01d2u j\u00ecr\u00e8n zh\u011b, xi\u00e0 \u011br b\u00f9 q\u00edngyu\u00e0n de l\u00edk\u0101ile n\u00e0b\u00f9l\u00e8s\u012b. Gu\u00f3w\u00e1ng b\u0101nb\u00f9le 1759 ni\u00e1n w\u00f9sh\u00ed zh\u00ecc\u00e1i, gu\u01cenl\u01d0 x\u012bb\u0101ny\u00e1 w\u00e1nggu\u00f3 h\u00e9 n\u00e0b\u00f9l\u00e8s\u012b w\u00e1nggu\u00f3 zh\u012b ji\u0101n de sh\u00ecx\u00ed gu\u0101nx\u00ec, gu\u00f3w\u00e1ng b\u00e8i p\u00f2 y\u01d4 w\u00e1ngh\u00f2u h\u00e9 t\u0101men de ch\u00e1ng zi (y\u011b ji\u00e0o xi\u00e0 \u011br) y\u012bq\u01d0 qi\u00e1nw\u01ceng m\u01ced\u00e9l\u01d0. Ji\u0101ng n\u00e0b\u00f9l\u00e8s\u012b h\u00e9 x\u012bx\u012bl\u01d0 d\u01ceo li\u00fa g\u011bile ni\u00e1n j\u01d0n b\u0101 su\u00ec de s\u0101n zi f\u00e8id\u00edn\u00e1nd\u00e9.<\/p>

F\u00e8id\u00edn\u00e1nd\u00e9 de ch\u00e1ng q\u012b t\u01d2ngzh\u00ec,1759 ni\u00e1n zh\u00ec 1825 ni\u00e1n
ni\u00e1nq\u012bng de f\u00e8id\u00edn\u00e1nd\u00e9 gu\u00f3w\u00e1ng b\u00e8i w\u011bitu\u014d g\u011bi y\u00f3u d\u00e0ch\u00e9n b\u00e8i’\u011br n\u00e0 du\u014d\u00b7t\u01ce n\u01d4 q\u00ed l\u01d0ngd\u01ceo de sh\u00e8zh\u00e8ng w\u011biyu\u00e1nhu\u00ec. J\u00edsh\u01d0 gu\u00f3w\u00e1ng y\u00fa 1767 ni\u00e1n cheng ni\u00e1n, zh\u00e8ngf\u01d4 de qu\u00e1nl\u00ec r\u00e9ngr\u00e1n zh\u01cengw\u00f2 z\u00e0i tu\u014d s\u012b k\u01ce n\u00e0 b\u00f9zh\u01ceng sh\u01d2uzh\u014dng, \u00e9r k\u0101im\u00edng g\u01ceili\u00e1ng zh\u01d4y\u00ec de g\u014dngzu\u00f2 r\u00e9ng z\u00e0i j\u00ecx\u00f9. F\u00e8id\u00edn\u00e1nd\u00e9 y\u01d4 w\u011bid\u00e0 de m\u01cel\u00ecy\u00e0\u00b7t\u00e8 l\u011bi sh\u0101 de n\u01da’\u00e9r h\u0101 b\u00f9 s\u012b b\u01ceo-lu\u00f2 l\u00edn de m\u01cel\u00ec\u00b7k\u01ce lu\u00f3l\u00ednn\u00e0 ji\u00e9h\u016bn h\u00f2u, f\u00e0gu\u00f3 y\u01d4 x\u012bb\u0101ny\u00e1 de y\u01d0ngxi\u01ceng y\u012bn y\u01d4 w\u00e9iy\u011bn\u00e0 ji\u00e0nl\u00ec li\u00e1nx\u00ec \u00e9r ji\u01cenru\u00f2.<\/p>

F\u00e0gu\u00f3 d\u00e0g\u00e9m\u00ecng h\u00f2u,1799 ni\u00e1n g\u0101i w\u00e1nggu\u00f3 z\u0101o d\u00e0o f\u01cel\u00e1nx\u012b g\u00f2ngh\u00e9gu\u00f3 j\u016bndu\u00ec de r\u00f9q\u012bn. J\u016bnzh\u01d4men z\u00e0i y\u012bnggu\u00f3 ji\u00e0ndu\u00ec de b\u01ceoh\u00f9 xi\u00e0 t\u00e1o w\u01ceng b\u0101 l\u00e8 m\u00f2, \u00e9r n\u00e0b\u00f9l\u00e8s\u012b z\u00e9 xu\u0101nb\u00f9 ch\u00e9ngl\u00ec g\u00f2ngh\u00e9gu\u00f3. J\u01d0nj\u01d0n li\u00f9 g\u00e8 yu\u00e8 h\u00f2u, j\u016bnzh\u01d4 zh\u00ec de hu\u012bf\u00f9 ji\u00f9 sh\u00f2ud\u00e0ole y\u01d0 k\u01cel\u0101 b\u00f9 l\u01d0 y\u01ce h\u00f3ng y\u012b zh\u01d4ji\u00e0o f\u01ce b\u00f9 l\u01d0 q\u00ed \u00e0o\u00b7l\u01d4 f\u00fa w\u00e9ish\u01d2u de y\u00ecd\u00e0 l\u00ec n\u00e1nb\u00f9 d\u00e0 du\u014dsh\u00f9 m\u00ednzh\u00f2ng de hu\u0101ny\u00edng. R\u00e1n’\u00e9r, zh\u00e8ngr\u00fa w\u00e9n s\u0113n zu\u01d2\u00b7cu\u00f2 k\u0113 gu\u0101ny\u00fa 1799 ni\u00e1n n\u00e0b\u00f9l\u00e8s\u012b g\u00e9m\u00ecng de l\u00ecsh\u01d0 w\u00e9nzh\u0101ng zh\u014dng su\u01d2 zh\u00e8ngm\u00edng d\u00ec n\u00e0y\u00e0ng, t\u0101 y\u01d4 d\u0101ngd\u00ec z\u012bch\u01cen ji\u0113j\u00ed f\u0101sh\u0113ngle w\u00e9ixi\u01cen de ju\u00e9li\u00e8. D\u00ec \u00e8r g\u00e8 x\u012bx\u012bl\u01d0 sh\u00edq\u00ed (1806-1815) y\u00f3u f\u00e0gu\u00f3 du\u00ec y\u00ecd\u00e0 l\u00ec n\u00e1nb\u00f9 de l\u00ecng y\u012bc\u00ec r\u00f9q\u012bn y\u01d0nq\u01d0, d\u01ceozh\u00ec g\u0101i d\u01ceo z\u00e0i 1812 ni\u00e1n y\u00f3u sh\u00e8zh\u00e8ng w\u00e1ng f\u00fal\u01cengx\u012bs\u012b zh\u00ecd\u00ecngle z\u00ecj\u01d0 de xi\u00e0nf\u01ce. G\u0101i xi\u00e0nf\u01ce sh\u00ec y\u00ecd\u00e0 l\u00ec z\u00e0i n\u00e1p\u00f2l\u00fan t\u01d0x\u00ec zh\u012b w\u00e0i b\u0101nb\u00f9 de d\u00ec y\u012b b\u00f9 c\u01d0 l\u00e8i xi\u00e0nf\u01ce.<\/p>

1815 Ni\u00e1n, f\u00e8id\u00edn\u00e1nd\u00e9 zu\u00eczh\u014dng z\u00e0i d\u00e0ch\u00e9n l\u00f9y\u00ec j\u00ed\u00b7d\u00e9\u00b7m\u011bi d\u00ec q\u00ed de p\u00e9it\u00f3ng xi\u00e0 f\u01cenhu\u00ed n\u00e0b\u00f9l\u00e8s\u012b, d\u00ec \u00e8r ni\u00e1n, t\u0101 ji\u0101nd\u016ble li\u01ceng g\u00e8 gu\u00f3ji\u0101 h\u00e9b\u00ecng w\u00e9i y\u012bg\u00e8 gu\u00f3ji\u0101: Li\u01ceng x\u012bx\u012bl\u01d0 w\u00e1nggu\u00f3. Zh\u00e8 xi\u00e0ng ju\u00e9d\u00ecng j\u012b q\u01d0le x\u012bx\u012bl\u01d0 r\u00e9n de b\u00f9m\u01cen, \u00e9r y\u012bxi\u0113 y\u01d4 sh\u0101o t\u00e0n d\u01ceng y\u01d2u li\u00e1nx\u00ec de ni\u00e1nq\u012bng j\u016bngu\u0101n sh\u0101nd\u00f2ngle 1820 ni\u00e1n de p\u00e0nlu\u00e0n. Z\u00e0i \u014duzh\u014du li\u00e8qi\u00e1ng de zh\u012bch\u00ed xi\u00e0, f\u00e8id\u00edn\u00e1nd\u00e9 sh\u00e8f\u01ce ji\u011bju\u00e9le zh\u00e8 y\u012b j\u00fash\u00ec, t\u0101men z\u00e0i l\u00e1i b\u0101h\u00e8 (l\u00fab\u00f9 y\u01ce n\u00e0) zh\u00e0ok\u0101i hu\u00ecy\u00ec, b\u00ecng ju\u00e9d\u00ecng ji\u0101ng \u00e0od\u00ecl\u00ec j\u016bndu\u00ec p\u00e0i w\u01ceng n\u00e1nf\u0101ng. F\u00e8id\u00edn\u00e1nd\u00e9 z\u00e0i w\u00e8i li\u00f9sh\u00ed du\u014d ni\u00e1n, y\u00fa 1825 ni\u00e1n 1 yu\u00e8 4 r\u00ec q\u00f9sh\u00ec, xi\u01cengni\u00e1n 73 su\u00ec.<\/p>

F\u00fal\u01cengx\u012bs\u012b y\u012bsh\u00ec h\u00e9 f\u00e8id\u00edn\u00e1nd\u00e9 \u00e8r sh\u00ec t\u01d2ngzh\u00ec sh\u00edq\u00ed,1825 ni\u00e1n zh\u00ec 1859 ni\u00e1n
z\u00e0i t\u0101 du\u01cenz\u00e0n de w\u01d4 ni\u00e1n t\u01d2ngzh\u00ec q\u00edji\u0101n, gu\u00f3w\u00e1ng f\u00fal\u01cengx\u012bs\u012b y\u012bsh\u00ec z\u00e0i d\u00e0ch\u00e9n m\u011bi d\u00ec q\u00ed de zh\u01d0d\u01ceo xi\u00e0 y\u00e1nx\u00f9le f\u00f9q\u012bn de zh\u00e8ngc\u00e8.1827 Ni\u00e1n, t\u0101 sh\u01d0 r\u00e9ng zh\u00f9z\u0101 z\u00e0i w\u00e1nggu\u00f3 de \u00e0od\u00ecl\u00ec yu\u01cenzh\u01d0 j\u016bn ch\u00e8j\u016bn. F\u00fal\u01cengx\u012bs\u012b r\u00e8’\u00e0i k\u0113xu\u00e9 h\u00e9 zh\u00edw\u00f9 xu\u00e9, t\u0101 t\u00f2ugu\u00f2 tu\u012bgu\u01ceng n\u00f3ngy\u00e8, y\u01d0nr\u00f9le x\u012bn de zh\u00f2ngzh\u00ed, gu\u00e0ng\u00e0i h\u00e9 y\u00f9zh\u01d2ng x\u00ect\u01d2ng, zh\u00e8 sh\u00ec t\u0101 zu\u00ecd\u00e0 de r\u00e8q\u00edng su\u01d2z\u00e0i.1829 Ni\u00e1n q\u00f9sh\u00ec qi\u00e1n b\u00f9ji\u01d4, t\u0101 sh\u00e8l\u00ecle f\u00fal\u01cengx\u012bs\u012b y\u012bsh\u00ec w\u00e1ngsh\u00ec x\u016bnzh\u0101ng, zh\u00e8 sh\u00ec d\u0101ngj\u012bn m\u00ednsh\u00ec g\u014dngj\u012b x\u016bnzh\u0101ng de qi\u00e1nsh\u0113n, g\u0101i x\u016bnzh\u0101ng ji\u01cengl\u00ec n\u00e0xi\u0113 z\u00e0i w\u00e9nhu\u00e0, k\u0113xu\u00e9 hu\u00f2 g\u014dngg\u00f2ng f\u00faw\u00f9 f\u0101ngmi\u00e0n bi\u01ceoxi\u00e0n ch\u016bs\u00e8 de r\u00e9nsh\u00ec.<\/p>

J\u00ecn y\u012bg\u00e8 sh\u00ecj\u00ec h\u00f2u, f\u00e8id\u00edn\u00e1nd\u00e9 \u00e8r sh\u00ec y\u00fa 1830 ni\u00e1n 11 yu\u00e8 8 r\u00ec d\u0113ngj\u012b, w\u00e1nggu\u00f3 z\u00e0ic\u00ec y\u00edng l\u00e1ile y\u012b w\u00e8i 20 su\u00ec de t\u01d2ngzh\u00ec zh\u011b. D\u0101ng y\u012bnggu\u00f3 h\u00e9 f\u00e0gu\u00f3 y\u01d0 ti\u011bl\u00f9 de f\u0101m\u00edng w\u00e8i bi\u0101ozh\u00ec k\u0101ish\u01d0 g\u014dngy\u00e8hu\u00e0 de sh\u00edh\u00f2u, f\u01cel\u00e1nx\u012b s\u012b gu\u00f3w\u00e1ng zh\u012bch\u00ed xi\u016bji\u00e0n
y\u00ecd\u00e0 l\u00ec de d\u00ec y\u012b ti\u00e1o ti\u011bl\u00f9: Ji\u00e0n y\u00fa 1839 ni\u00e1n d\u00ec n\u00e0b\u00f9l\u00e8s\u012b-b\u014d d\u00ec q\u00ed xi\u00e0n.1848 Ni\u00e1n q\u01d0y\u00ec q\u00edji\u0101n, f\u00e8id\u00edn\u00e1nd\u00e9 ch\u00e9ngw\u00e9i y\u00ecd\u00e0 l\u00ec d\u00ec y\u012b w\u00e8i b\u0101nb\u00f9 xi\u00e0nf\u01ce de gu\u00f3w\u00e1ng. R\u00e1n’\u00e9r, y\u00echu\u00ec de sh\u00edy\u00e0n b\u00ecng b\u00f9 ch\u00e9ngg\u014dng, j\u01d0 g\u00e8 yu\u00e8 h\u00f2u, zh\u00ecd\u00f9 y\u00f2u hu\u012bf\u00f9le zhu\u0101nzh\u00ec zh\u01d4y\u00ec, \u00e9r x\u012bx\u012bl\u01d0 de d\u00fal\u00ec z\u00e9 sh\u00f2ud\u00e0o y\u0101zh\u00ec.1859 Ni\u00e1n 5 yu\u00e8 22 r\u00ec, gu\u00f3w\u00e1ng z\u00e0i k\u01ce s\u0101i t\u01ce hu\u00e1ngg\u014dng q\u00f9sh\u00ec.<\/p>

F\u00fal\u01cengx\u012bs\u012b \u00e8r sh\u00ec h\u00e9 n\u00e0b\u00f9l\u00e8s\u012b du\u00eczh\u00e8n y\u00ecd\u00e0 l\u00ec
f\u00fal\u01cengx\u012bs\u012b \u00e8r sh\u00ec de t\u01d2ngzh\u00ec sh\u01d0 y\u00fa d\u00ec \u00e8r c\u00ec y\u00ecd\u00e0 l\u00ec d\u00fal\u00ec zh\u00e0nzh\u0113ng h\u00f2u de w\u00e9ixi\u01cen gu\u00f3j\u00ec w\u00e9ij\u012b. \u00c0od\u00ecl\u00ec du\u00ec y\u00ecd\u00e0 l\u00ec b\u00e0nd\u01ceo y\u01d0ngxi\u01ceng l\u00ec de ji\u00e9sh\u00f9, k\u01ce w\u01d4l\u00ec y\u01ce p\u00ed \u0101i m\u00e9ngt\u00e8 de ju\u00e9q\u01d0 y\u01d0j\u00ed y\u012bnggu\u00f3 de d\u00edy\u00ec d\u014du d\u01ceozh\u00ecle 1860 ni\u00e1n de qi\u0101n r\u00e9n yu\u01cenzh\u01d0, zu\u00eczh\u014dng d\u00e9d\u00e0ole l\u00e1iz\u00ec b\u011bif\u0101ng de s\u00e0 w\u00f2 y\u012b j\u016bndu\u00ec de r\u00f9q\u012bn zh\u012bch\u00ed.
Mi\u00e0n du\u00ec r\u00fac\u01d0 g\u014dngr\u00e1n q\u012bnf\u00e0n t\u0101 de zh\u014dngl\u00ec w\u00e1nggu\u00f3 de x\u00edngw\u00e9i, f\u00fal\u01cengx\u012bs\u012b \u00e8r sh\u00ec s\u00f9 zh\u016b gu\u00f3j\u00ecf\u01ce, d\u0101ngsh\u00ed zh\u00e8ge hu\u00e0t\u00ed y\u01d0j\u012bng d\u00e9d\u00e0o ch\u00e9ngr\u00e8n y\u012bdu\u00e0n sh\u00edji\u0101n, d\u00e0n sh\u00e0ngw\u00e8i m\u00edngqu\u00e8 ji\u00e8d\u00ecng, ji\u00f9 xi\u00e0ng sh\u00ecji\u00e8 d\u00e0zh\u00e0n h\u00f2u de q\u00edngku\u00e0ng y\u012by\u00e0ng. Gu\u00f3w\u00e1ng d\u00e0izhe ni\u00e1nq\u012bng de w\u00e1ngh\u00f2u m\u01cel\u00ec\u00b7su\u01d2 f\u0113i ch\u00e8tu\u00ec d\u00e0o ji\u0101 \u0101i t\u01ce y\u00e0os\u00e0i, h\u00e0nw\u00e8i z\u00ecj\u01d0 r\u00f3ngy\u00f9 t\u01d2ngzh\u00ec de qu\u00e1nl\u00ec, d\u00e0n t\u00fal\u00e1ow\u00fag\u014dng.<\/p>


F\u00fal\u01cengx\u012bs\u012b y\u00fa 1894 ni\u00e1n q\u00f9sh\u00ec, b\u00e8i li\u00faf\u00e0ng d\u00e0o \u00e0od\u00ecl\u00ec t\u00e8 l\u00fan d\u00ec nu\u00f2, m\u00e9iy\u01d2u li\u00fa xi\u00e0 r\u00e8nh\u00e9 zh\u00edx\u00ec h\u00f2uy\u00ec, b\u00ecng ji\u0101ng q\u00ed qu\u00e1nl\u00ec zhu\u01ceny\u00ed g\u011bi t\u0101 de xi\u014dngd\u00ec k\u01ce s\u0101i t\u01ce b\u00f3ju\u00e9 \u0101 f\u0101ng su\u01d2 (1841-1934 ni\u00e1n).1900 Ni\u00e1n k\u01cen ch\u00e9ng f\u01ce’\u00e0n h\u00f2u, j\u00ecch\u00e9ngqu\u00e1n chu\u00e1n g\u011bile \u0101 f\u0101ng su\u01d2 de \u00e9rzi k\u01ce s\u012b ch\u01d4 g\u014dngju\u00e9 l\u0101 ni\u00e8 l\u00ec (1883-1973 ni\u00e1n), r\u00e1nh\u00f2u chu\u00e1n g\u011bile g\u014dngju\u00e9 de h\u00f2uy\u00ec: T\u0101 de \u00e9rzi f\u00e8id\u00edn\u00e1nd\u00e9 (1926-2008 ni\u00e1n) h\u00e9 s\u016bnzi k\u01ce lu\u00f2 (1963 ni\u00e1n), k\u01ce lu\u00f2 xi\u00e0nz\u00e0i zh\u00ecl\u00ec y\u00fa y\u00e1nx\u00f9 y\u012bg\u00e8 w\u00e1nggu\u00f3 h\u00e9 w\u00e1ngch\u00e1o de g\u00f9sh\u00ec h\u00e9 chu\u00e1nt\u01d2ng, z\u00e0i xi\u00e0nd\u00e0i \u014duzh\u014du j\u016bnzh\u01d4 zh\u00ec zh\u014dng ji\u00e9h\u00e9 chu\u00e1nt\u01d2ng h\u00e9 chu\u00e0ngx\u012bn. Zh\u00e8ng sh\u00ec z\u00e0i zh\u00e8 zh\u01d2ng b\u00e8ij\u01d0ng xi\u00e0, xi\u00e0 \u011br w\u00e1ngz\u01d0 y\u00fa 2016 ni\u00e1n zu\u00f2 ch\u016ble l\u00ecsh\u01d0 x\u00ecng ju\u00e9d\u00ecng, w\u00fash\u00ec s\u00e0 l\u00eck\u00e8 f\u01ce, zhu\u01cen \u00e9r c\u0101nk\u01ceo j\u00ecnzh\u01d0 n\u00e1nn\u01da q\u00edsh\u00ec de \u014duzh\u014du f\u01cel\u01dc, r\u00e8nm\u00ecng t\u0101 de ch\u00e1ngn\u01da l\u0101 b\u00f9 l\u01d0 y\u01ce n\u01da g\u014dngju\u00e9 m\u01cel\u00ecy\u00e0\u00b7k\u01ce lu\u00f3l\u00ednn\u00e0 g\u014dngzh\u01d4 w\u00e8i h\u00e9f\u01ce j\u00ecch\u00e9ngr\u00e9n.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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